Editing Hexen

{{mainimage|Hexen.png|Hexen [[title screen]].}}

'''Hexen: Beyond Heretic''' (or '''Hexen''') is a first-person shooter and fantasy adventure computer game developed by [[Raven Software]], published by [[id Software]], and distributed by [[GT Interactive Software|GT Interactive]] beginning on [[Timeline#1995|October 30, 1995]]. It is the indirect sequel to [[Heretic]].
The main goal of the game is the destruction of [[Korax]], the second of a trio of demon brothers known as the [[Serpent Riders]], who has taken over the world of [[Cronos]]. The first Serpent Rider, [[D'Sparil]], was the final boss of Heretic and the third, [[Eidolon]], would later appear in ''[[Hexen II]]''.

Hexen uses a modified version of the [[Doom]] engine, based on that used in Heretic. The engine supports network play with up to eight players, the choice of three [[character class]]es and retains Heretic's ability to [[Freelook|look up and down]], and also adds the ability to [[jump]]. Hexen also features a "[[hub]]" system of maps which allowed the player to travel freely between several levels while preserving their state (monsters killed, puzzles solved, items collected, etc) between visits. In addition, the game features [[Polyobject|doors and crushers that rotate or move horizontally]] (rather than vertically), pulsating lights and [[ACS|scripted level events]]. [[Hexen scripted ambient sounds|Ambient sounds]] are supported but instead of being hard-coded into the engine as in Heretic, they are script-based which allows the level designer to edit their action more freely.

Unlike previous games, which had relied purely on {{wp|MIDI}} for music, Hexen can also play tracks from an {{wp|audio CD}}. The tracks included on the Hexen CD are recordings of the [[Hexen music]] using a Roland Sound Canvas. The entirety of Hexen's soundtrack is not present on the CD, however, and many levels are associated to different songs depending on whether MIDI or Audio CD music is used.

An expansion pack for Hexen was released in 1996, called [[Hexen: Deathkings of the Dark Citadel|Deathkings of the Dark Citadel]]. Heretic, Hexen, and its expansion pack were later included in a compilation called [[Towers of Darkness: Heretic, Hexen and Beyond]]. The game was also ported to the [[Hexen (Sony PlayStation)|PlayStation]], [[Hexen (Sega Saturn)|Sega Saturn]] and [[Hexen (Nintendo 64)|Nintendo 64]] consoles.

== Story ==
Heretic chronicled the adventures of [[Corvus]], a heroic Sidhe elf who challenged the forces of D'Sparil, the weakest of the three dimension-traveling Serpent Riders. His victory was hardly insignificant, but the other two Serpent Riders were far from idle and continued sowing the seeds of destruction in several other dimensions for a thousand years.<ref group="footnotes" name="fn1"/>. One such dimension is Cronos, the world of Hexen: a human world, but one where the forces of magic are both stronger and more strictly controlled than those of the [[Parthoris|Elven world]].

Over the years, the humans have learned that while magic can be a powerful tool, it also has more destructive potential than any other force in their universe. From this harsh realization a disciplined and orderly society has developed, one where every citizen knows his place and where the vast majority of common men are held in thrall to a few ruthless, powerful leaders. Wielding magical powers and arcane artifacts, these men overshadow every other human force on Cronos, suppressing individual thought and action in the name of the greater good.

Within this strict order, three organizations maintain the fabric of human society: the Legion, the Arcanum, and the Church. In an uneasy balance often threatened by petty squabbles and escalating power struggles, these three organizations share absolute dominion over all humanity. The Legion represents human military strength, using brute force backed by magical weapons to impose a strict and inflexible order upon the populace. The Arcanum is the center of learning for all magical studies, and as such it determines who will or will not have access to its wealth of arcane secrets. The Church acts as a bridge and buffer between the Legion and Arcanum, using a mixture of magic and military training to maintain the balance of power while secretly furthering its own interests. Together or separately, these three groups control every aspect of human life.

Each organization is led by a single man. [[Zedek]], Marshal of the Legion; [[Traductus]], Grand Patriarch of the Church; and [[Menelkir]], Arch-Mage of the Arcanum. These men are the ultimate embodiment of power on Cronos. Cold, calculating, and devoid of concern for anything but the advancement of their own status, these leaders were the first to fall under the sway of Korax, the second of the three Serpent Riders. In return for their allegiance, Zedek, Traductus, and Menelkir were rewarded by Korax with the dark gift of Unlife. Using the powers granted them by Korax as well as the relics already in their possession, all of humanity quickly fell under their spell.

Only three humans escaped the aegis of the leaders' new powers: [[Baratus]], a Fighter of the Legion; [[Daedolon]], a Mage of the Arcanum; and [[Parias]], a Cleric of the Church. Now these three have sworn to destroy the leaders they once followed and anything else that gets in the way as they execute their task. Entering the mystical portal used to invade their world, the three become hopelessly separated, forcing each of them to attempt on their own that which of they had little hope doing together: find Korax's stronghold, defeat his legions of grotesque minions, and finally kill the Serpent Rider himself.

Their task will be a difficult one indeed. It is well-known that Korax's special powers stem from his control of the [[Chaos Sphere]], which he uses to warp and corrupt everyone and everything he touches. Though not the mightiest of the Serpent Riders, Korax is more powerful than D'Sparil was, and his lust for power is matched only by his hatred for all living things not under his control.

== Players ==
The three playable characters are Baratus, a Fighter; Parias, a Cleric; and Daedolon, a Mage.

Each character has four weapons and uses the two types of [[mana]] as ammunitions. The first weapon does not use mana, the second uses blue mana, the third uses green mana, and the ultimate weapon, which is built by finding three different parts, uses both types.

* '''The [[Fighter]]''' has weapons that are best used at striking range. This combined with his high strength, stamina, and life make him easy to power through the beginning of the game but more challenging later in the game. The Fighter's ultimate weapon is the [[Quietus]], a longsword wreathed in a green aura that sends out a spread of magic.

* '''The [[Mage]]''' has long distance projectile magic. Although he lacks speed and toughness, his powerful ranged attacks make up for this. He tends to lag behind in the early game, but he becomes a force to be reckoned with once he has his third weapon and other items. The Mage's ultimate weapon is the [[Bloodscourge]], a skull-topped staff that sends out homing fireballs.

* '''The [[Cleric]]''' is well rounded and has a diverse selection of weapons, and decent armouring and speed. He is a good compromise between power and magic. The Cleric's ultimate weapon is the [[Wraithverge]], a crucifix-shaped staff that tears apart enemies with a ghostly horde.

== Enemies, weapons, items ==
Enemies and items are less static than in other Doom engine games, since [[ACS]] is used to [[Hexen scripted monster spawning|repopulate the maps]] and the things placed in a map depend not just on [[Skill level#Hexen skill levels|skill]], but also on character class. For example, mages, who start with a ranged weapon, will face many more [[afrit]]s than the fighter and the cleric, but fewer [[ettin]]s. Certain items, such as the [[fléchette]]s and [[Mystic Ambit Incant]]s, function differently according to class, as well.
{{Template:RavenThings
|enemies =
* [[Afrit]]
* [[Brown chaos serpent]]
* [[Centaur]]
* [[Dark bishop]]
* [[Death wyvern]]
* [[Ettin]]
* [[Green chaos serpent]]
* [[Heresiarch]]
* [[Korax]]
* [[Maulotaur]]
* [[Menelkir]]
* [[Reiver]]
* [[Slaughtaur]]
* [[Stalker]]
* [[Stalker boss]]
* [[Traductus]]
* [[Wendigo]]
* [[Zedek]]
|weapons =
* [[Arc of Death]]
* [[Bloodscourge]]
* [[Firestorm]]
* [[Frost shards]]
* [[Hammer of Retribution]]
* [[Mace of Contrition]]
* [[Quietus]]
* [[Sapphire wand]]
* [[Serpent staff]]
* [[Spiked gauntlets]]
* [[Timon's Axe]]
* [[Wraithverge]]
|items =
* [[Amulet of Warding]]
* [[Banishment Device]]
* [[Boots of Speed]]
* [[Chaos Device]]
* [[Crystal vial]]
* [[Dark Servant]]
* [[Disc of Repulsion]]
* [[Dragonskin bracers]]
* [[Falcon shield]]
* [[Fléchette]]
* [[Icon of the Defender]]
* [[Hexen keys|''Keys'']]
* [[Krater of Might]]
* [[Mesh armor]]
* [[Mystic Ambit Incant]]
* [[Mystic urn]]
* [[Platinum helm]]
* [[Porkalator]]
* ''[[Puzzle item]]s''
* [[Quartz flask]]
* [[Torch]]
* [[Wings of Wrath]]
}}

== Hubs ==
Hexen features a fully-functional [[hub]] system, which allows the player to move back and forth between maps connected to the same hub as if they were a single large map. Hexen has five hubs:<ref group="footnotes" name="fn2"/>
* [[Hub 1: Seven Portals]]
* [[Hub 2: Shadow Wood]]
* [[Hub 3: Heresiarch's Seminary]]
* [[Hub 4: Castle of Grief]]
* [[Hub 5: Necropolis]]

The expansion set [[Deathkings of the Dark Citadel]] provides three additional hubs and one hub of deathmatch levels.

== Development ==
Being a sequel to Heretic, Hexen was originally to be called ''Heretic 2'' before Raven made the decision to name it ''Hexen: Beyond Heretic'' instead. The evidence of this is that most [[Hexen source code]] files and even the {{c|[[ANIMDEFS]]}} lump in the IWAD contain the name Heretic 2 in the header. "Hexen" is the {{wp|German language|German}} word for "witches", also meaning "casting a spell" when used as a verb. Moreover, the game has a "warlock" skill level, and warlock is the male version of a witch (called a "Hexenmeister").

Raven later did create another sequel to the original Heretic, named ''{{wp|Heretic II}}''. The latter ''Heretic II'' game was much more of a direct sequel to the original Heretic, even including the [[Corvus|protagonist]] from the original game resuming the role of the player character.

===Version changes===
* In v1.0, it was possible to leave the [[Castle of Grief]] hub early. First, the player would simply turn into a pig with a projectile trap that surrounds one of the [[Puzzle item#The clock|clock gears]]. If the player gets under the space in the river leading to the [[Hub 4: Effluvium|Effluvium]] portal, the player can simply go to the [[Hub 4: Forsaken Outpost|Forsaken Outpost]], back to Effluvium, and then the [[Hub 4: Gibbet|Gibbet]]. This makes the [[axe key]] accessible, and practically the entire hub can be bypassed. This was an oversight by the designers, and was remedied in v1.1.
* v1.0 of Hexen contains an incomplete development level called "Maze" that consists solely of moving walls with no exit. Its presence in the released game is almost certainly an oversight; the level was removed in the 1.1 update. The "Maze" level can only be accessed by using the [[Hexen cheat codes|cheat code]] "visit41" in unpatched versions of the game.

===Unreleased levels===
The [[MAPINFO]] lump contains the names of several levels presumably used during the development of the game. Though the levels themselves are not found in the game's IWAD (with the exception of "Maze" listed above in version 1.0 of the IWAD) the names and MAPINFO data for them (mostly only sky info, but a few have more such as fog and warptrans parameters) still exist. They are as follows:
* Shadow Wood (MAP07, likely a beta version of [[Hub 2: Shadow Wood (map)]])
* Swamp Demo (MAP14, possibly an early version of [[Hub 2: Darkmere]]; this level was seen in several magazine previews of the game; possibly also the "Black Crypt Swamp" mentioned by composer [[Kevin Schilder]])
* Nada (MAP29)
* Maze (MAP41, and the only map to actually show up in Version 1.0 of the IWAD; removed from version 1.1)
* [[Eric Biessman|Eric]]'s Whirlwind O' Death (MAP42)
* Maya (MAP43)
* The Badlands (MAP50, likely an early version of [[Hub 2: Wastelands]])
* Caves of Ascension (MAP51, likely an early version of Hub 2: Caves of Circe)
* Lower Crypts (MAP52, likely an early version of [[Hub 2: Sacred Grove]])
* The Hypostyle Hall (MAP53, likely an early version of [[Hub 2: Hypostyle]])
* The Sanctorium (MAP54)
* The Athenaeum (MAP55)
* The Cleric's Citadel (MAP56)
* Programmer Map (MAP60)
* [[Ben Gokey|Bgokey]] (MAP90)
* [[Paul MacArthur|Paul]] Map (MAP92)
* [[Paul MacArthur|Paul]] Map2 (MAP93)
* [[Chris Rhinehart|cjr@ravensoft.com]] (MAP95)
* Sound Development Map (MAP96)

== Demo ==
Unlike the [[shareware]] releases of [[Doom]] and [[Heretic]] which contain a [[Knee-Deep in the Dead|full]] [[City of the Damned|episode]], Hexen received a short demo release containing only the first four (of thirty-one) maps. Unusually, rather than simply a shortened campaign, the demo version uses modified versions of [[Hub 1: Guardian of Ice|Guardian of Ice]] and [[Hub 1: Guardian of Fire|Guardian of Fire]] which skip detours to [[Hub 1: Guardian of Steel|Guardian of Steel]] (which is not present in the demo) and merely has the player alternate between the two. The portals to Guardian of Steel and the second hub (which can only be reached by cheating) do not function in the demo and attempting to use them merely results in the player entering the small, unlit, room hidden behind the portal graphic. The demo has no true end state and lacks a method to progress once the player has done everything possible in Guardian of Ice and Guardian of Fire. The demo's [[cheat]]s are [[Hexen cheat codes#Demo versions|unique]] and differ from those in the full game. Unlike the shareware episodes, which contained only the weapons present in the first episode, the Hexen's entire arsenal exists within the demo and can be obtained through cheats.

== Technical details ==
Raven Software has made several changes to the version of the [[Doom engine]] used in [[Heretic]], which allow the following new features to be implemented:
* the player can choose one of three [[Player class|playable classes]];
* ability of the player to [[Jumping|jump]];
* [[falling damage]] for player and monsters;
* [[fog]];
* [[hub]] system of levels;
* [[polyobject]]s in the form of rotating or horizontally moving [[door]]s and [[Crushing ceiling|crushers]];
* scripted events in levels using [[ACS]];
* [[friendly monster]]s in the form of [[maulotaur]]s summoned by the [[Dark Servant]] artifact;
* implementation of [[3D floor]]s in the form of [[3D middle texture|invisible bridges]].

Compared to Heretic, Hexen introduced the following new [[lump]]s:
* {{c|[[ANIMDEFS]]}} - defines texture and flat animations;
* {{c|[[BEHAVIOR]]}} - contains scripts for a specific level;
* {{c|[[FOGMAP]]}} - to create fog effects;
* {{c|[[MAPINFO]]}} - describes the meta-data associated with levels;
* {{c|[[SNDINFO]]}} - associates internal sound references with the sound lump names;
* {{c|[[SNDSEQ]]}} - defines sound sequences;
* {{c|TRANTBL[0-K]}} - a set of 21 translation tables used to create player models of different colors in a [[multiplayer]] game.

== Source code release ==
{{main|Raven source code licensing}}
On [[Timeline#1999|January 11, 1999]], the source code for both Heretic and Hexen was released by Raven Software under a restrictive {{wp|Software license agreement#End-user license agreement|EULA}} [https://www.doomworld.com/eternity/activision_eula.txt] which [[Raven source code licensing|prohibited many uses of the code]], and was incompatible with the {{wp|GNU GPL}}. This rendered it impossible to create a properly {{wp|open source}} [[source port]] (under the {{wp|Open Source Definition}}) for either game. On September 4, 2008, the source code for both games was rereleased under the GPL [https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=238655].

== Trivia ==
* Players or monsters are [[gibs|gibbed]] if they reach -51% health or lower.
* The bosses [[Zedek]], [[Traductus]] and [[Menelkir]] use the same sprites as the player characters.
* The player must stick with one character class throughout a game under normal circumstances. However, a glitch on the [[Hexen (Nintendo 64)|N64 port]] allows one to switch classes mid-game. There is also a [[Hexen cheat codes|cheat code]] to change classes in the PC version.
* Fans speculate that some members of the Cronos Triumvirate pledged allegiance to Korax and were transformed into monsters. The manual states that clerics became dark bishops and legionnaires became ettins. However, the manual may not have been written by Raven and its authors may not have had a proper understanding of canon. In addition, there are a number of ambiguities resulting from changes/overhauls during the development process. This has created an avenue for discussion and speculation on canon. One theory is that legionnaires became centaurs/slaughtaurs, clerics became dark bishops, and mages became reivers. Another theory is that mages became dark bishops and clerics became reivers instead.
* [[Hub 5: Necropolis|Necropolis]] is the only hub throughout Hexen and its expansion [[Hexen: Deathkings of the Dark Citadel|Deathkings of the Dark Citadel]] that does not have a [[Wings of Wrath]] in single player anywhere outside of cheating, although it does appear in several of its maps in [[deathmatch]] mode.
* The code and message for the [[pig]] morph cheat are a reference to the 1972 movie ''{{wp|Deliverance}}''.
* Hexen officially debuted at [[Judgment Day]], the {{wp|Devil's Night}} party held by [[Microsoft]] in {{wp|Redmond, Washington}}. A Hexen multiplayer match served as the final round in the [[Deathmatch '95]] tournament held at the party.

== Speedrunning ==
===Current records===
The [[DSDA]] movie run records for Hexen are:

{| {{prettytable}}
! Run !! Time !! Player !! Date !! File !! Notes
|-
| [[Skill level#Hexen skill levels|Sk4]] speed run ||style="text-align: right;"| 06:46 || [[Zero-Master]] || 2022-05-04 || {{dsda2ftp|hexen/62317/hxAllf646.zip|hxAllf646.zip}} || Fighter
|-
| Sk5 speed run ||style="text-align: right;"| 13:02 || [[Jean-Charles Dorne (JCD)]] || 2021-09-25 || {{dsda2ftp|hexen/55902/hxf1302.zip|hxf1302.zip}} || Fighter
|}

''The data was last verified in its entirety on July 28, 2022.''

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="nolines" widths="260px" heights="130px">
Hexen PC box front.jpg|European box cover (front)
Hexen PC box back.jpg|European box cover (back)
Hexen disc inlay.jpg|Disc and inlay
Hexen manual.jpg|Manual
</gallery>

== Footnotes ==
<references group="footnotes">
<ref name="fn1">Timeline from the {{archived link|http://www.raven-games.com/h2faq.php|Heretic II FAQ|https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125400/http://www.raven-games.com/h2faq.php|archive.org}}.</ref>
<ref name="fn2">There is also a prologue map (Winnowing Hall) and an epilogue map (Dark Crucible), which are actually part of the first and last hubs, respectively, but due to the game architecture they can only be entered once.</ref>
</references>

== See also ==
* [[Demo#Hexen|Built-in demos]]
* [[:Category:Hexen weapons|Hexen weapons]]
* [[:Category:Hexen monsters|Hexen monsters]]
* [[:Category:Hexen items|Hexen items]]
* [[Hexen music]]
* [[HEXEN.EXE]], [[HEXEN.WAD]]
* [[:Category:Hexen ports|Source ports with Hexen support]]

== Sources ==
* {{wikipedia|title=Hexen: Beyond Heretic}}

== External links ==
* {{archived link|http://www.ravensoft.com/games/hexen/view-game/|Raven Software's ''Hexen'' last page|https://web.archive.org/web/20160403014227/http://www.ravensoft.com/games/hexen/view-game/|archive.org}}
* {{archived link|http://www.ravensoft.com/gamesdetail.aspx?xmmid{{=}}624&xmid{{=}}8&xmview{{=}}2|Raven Software's ''Hexen'' older page|https://web.archive.org/web/20110929111126/http://www.ravensoft.com/gamesdetail.aspx?xmmid{{=}}624&xmid{{=}}8&xmview{{=}}2|archive.org}}
* {{archived link|http://www.idsoftware.com/games/vintage/hexen/|id Software's ''Hexen'' site|https://web.archive.org/web/20090205061128/http://www.idsoftware.com/games/vintage/hexen/|archive.org}}
* {{archived link|http://www.ravensoft.com/games/deathkings/view-game/|Raven Software's ''Deathkings'' last page|https://web.archive.org/web/20160403013951/http://www.ravensoft.com/games/deathkings/view-game/|archive.org}}
* {{archived link|http://www.ravensoft.com/gamesdetail.aspx?xmmid{{=}}624&xmid{{=}}9&xmview{{=}}2|Raven Software's ''Deathkings'' older page|https://web.archive.org/web/20111008034222/http://www.ravensoft.com/gamesdetail.aspx?xmmid{{=}}624&xmid{{=}}9&xmview{{=}}2|archive.org}}
* {{dsda2|wad=hexen|title=Hexen demos}}
* {{archived link|http://www.cco.net/~arne/hexen.faq|The ''HeXen'' FAQ|http://web.archive.org/web/20070731192320/http://www.cco.net/~arne/hexen.faq|archive.org}}
* {{idgames|file=idstuff/hexen/hexndemo|title=Download Hexen demo}}
* [https://store.steampowered.com/app/2360/ Hexen] on [[Steam]]
* [https://www.gog.com/game/hexen_beyond_heretic Hexen] on [[GOG]]
* [https://archive.org/details/Hexen_Beyond_Heretic-Manual Hexen: Beyond Heretic manual] on the Internet Archive


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