From DoomWiki.org

Downloading with Steam on Linux[edit]

As of June 2015, the only game available for Steam on Linux is Strife: Veteran Edition, the rest are all Windows-only, even though source ports exist. It is possible, however to download files meant for another platform. Start Steam with the -console command line parameter, or open the steam://open/console link in a web browser, you should see the developer console.

From here, you can simply type download_depot <appid> <depot> to download an item; the app_info_print command can be used to determine what the depots are. The following are known:

  • The Ultimate Doom: app 2280
    • Depot 2281: Vanilla Doom with DOSBox executables
  • Doom II: app 2300
    • Depot 2301: Vanilla Doom II with DOSBox executables
  • Final Doom: app 2290
    • Depot 2291: Vanilla Final Doom with DOSBox executables
  • Master Levels for Doom II: app 9160
    • Depot 9161: Vanilla Doom II, Master Levels with DOSBox executables
  • Heretic: app 2390
    • Depot 2391: Vanilla Heretic with DOSBox executables
  • Hexen: app 2360
    • Depot 2361: Vanilla Hexen with DOSBox executables
  • Hexen: Deathkings of the Dark Citadel: app 2370
    • Depot 2371: Vanilla Hexen: Deathkings with DOSBox executables (not up to date!)
  • Doom 3: app 9050
    • Depot 9051: Base game files
    • Depot 9052: English files
    • Depot 9053: Spanish files
    • Depot 9054: German files
    • Depot 9055: Italian files
    • Depot 9057: French files
  • Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil: app 9070
    • Depot 9071: Base game files
  • Doom 3: BFG Edition: app 208200
    • Depot 208202: Base game files
    • Depot 208203: English files
    • Depot 208204: German files
    • Depot 208205: French files
    • Depot 208206: Italian files
    • Depot 208207: Spanish files
    • Depot 208208: Japanese files
  • Quake 4: app 2210
    • Depot 2211: Base game files
    • Depot 2213: English files
    • Depot 2214: French files
    • Depot 2215: Italian files
    • Depot 2216: Spanish files

All the files will be downloaded into the $HOME/.local/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steamapps/content/app_<appid>/depot_<depotid> directory. The original Doom 3 release and Quake 4 will require a CD key, it is not known at this time whether your key from Steam can be obtained through the Linux version; for now, you must run the Windows version of Steam or use another key you might already have.