From DoomWiki.org
Downloading with Steam on Linux[edit]
As of June 2015, the only game available for Steam on Linux is Strife: Veteran Edition, the rest are all Windows-only, even though source ports exist. It is possible, however to download files meant for another platform. Start Steam with the -console command line parameter, or open the steam://open/console link in a web browser, you should see the developer console.
From here, you can simply type download_depot <appid> <depot> to download an item; the app_info_print command can be used to determine what the depots are. The following are known:
- The Ultimate Doom: app 2280
- Depot 2281: Vanilla Doom with DOSBox executables
- Doom II: app 2300
- Depot 2301: Vanilla Doom II with DOSBox executables
- Final Doom: app 2290
- Depot 2291: Vanilla Final Doom with DOSBox executables
- Master Levels for Doom II: app 9160
- Depot 9161: Vanilla Doom II, Master Levels with DOSBox executables
- Heretic: app 2390
- Depot 2391: Vanilla Heretic with DOSBox executables
- Hexen: app 2360
- Depot 2361: Vanilla Hexen with DOSBox executables
- Hexen: Deathkings of the Dark Citadel: app 2370
- Depot 2371: Vanilla Hexen: Deathkings with DOSBox executables (not up to date!)
- Doom 3: app 9050
- Depot 9051: Base game files
- Depot 9052: English files
- Depot 9053: Spanish files
- Depot 9054: German files
- Depot 9055: Italian files
- Depot 9057: French files
- Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil: app 9070
- Depot 9071: Base game files
- Doom 3: BFG Edition: app 208200
- Depot 208202: Base game files
- Depot 208203: English files
- Depot 208204: German files
- Depot 208205: French files
- Depot 208206: Italian files
- Depot 208207: Spanish files
- Depot 208208: Japanese files
- Quake 4: app 2210
- Depot 2211: Base game files
- Depot 2213: English files
- Depot 2214: French files
- Depot 2215: Italian files
- Depot 2216: Spanish files
All the files will be downloaded into the $HOME/.local/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steamapps/content/app_<appid>/depot_<depotid> directory. The original Doom 3 release and Quake 4 will require a CD key, it is not known at this time whether your key from Steam can be obtained through the Linux version; for now, you must run the Windows version of Steam or use another key you might already have.